Pediatric Asthma Therapy Assessment Questionnaire for the Brazilian population: Cross-cultural adaptation and measurement properties.

OBJECTIVE: To cross-culturally adapt the Pediatric Asthma Therapy Assessment Questionnaire (ATAQ) into Brazilian Portuguese and analyze its measurement properties. METHODS: This exploratory methodological study included eight experts and 30 caregivers in the translation and cross-cultural adaptation steps. Thereafter, 118 caregivers of pediatric patients with asthma aged between 5 and 17 years were involved in the analysis of measurement properties. We analyzed the content, structural (exploratory and confirmatory factorial), construct (convergent and discriminant), and known-groups validities; floor and ceiling effects; and determined the cut-off point (receiver operator characteristic curve) to identify pediatric patients with uncontrolled asthma. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) analyzed test-retest reliability with 54 caregivers, whereas Cronbach's α and composite reliability verified the internal consistency of the items. RESULTS: The committee of experts and caregivers found the instructions and response options relevant, understandable, and clear (K > 0.75). During the cross-cultural adaptation, three items (2, 4, and 12) were slightly modified by including terms to facilitate understanding. A two-factor structure (asthma control and patient-provider communication) was identified. Internal consistency (α > .67; composite reliability > 0.73) and test-retest reliability (ICC > 0.80) were acceptable. For construct and know-groups validities, 85.71% of the hypothesis were confirmed. A cut-off point of >3 for the control domain was considered adequate to identify pediatric patients with uncontrolled asthma (sensitivity: 86.21%; specificity: 80.90%). CONCLUSION: The Pediatric ATAQ was adequately adapted for Brazilian pediatric patients with asthma and produced valid and reliable measures for assessing asthma control. Therefore, it may be considered an adequate instrument for monitoring asthma control in the Brazilian pediatric population.

Barriers to and facilitators of populational adherence to prevention and control measures of COVID-19 and other respiratory infectious diseases: a qualitative evidence synthesis.

AIMS: To summarise the evidence on barriers to and facilitators of population adherence to prevention and control measures for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and other respiratory infectious diseases. METHODS: A qualitative synthesis was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis and the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organization of Care: Qualitative Evidence Synthesis. We performed an electronic search on MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO from their inception to March 2023. RESULTS: We included 71 studies regarding COVID-19, pneumonia, tuberculosis, influenza, pertussis and H1N1, representing 5966 participants. The measures reported were vaccinations, physical distancing, stay-at-home policy, quarantine, self-isolation, facemasks, hand hygiene, contact investigation, lockdown, infection prevention and control guidelines, and treatment. Tuberculosis-related measures were access to care, diagnosis and treatment completion. Analysis of the included studies yielded 37 barriers and 23 facilitators. CONCLUSIONS: This review suggests that financial and social support, assertive communication, trust in political authorities and greater regulation of social media enhance adherence to prevention and control measures for COVID-19 and infectious respiratory diseases. Designing and implementing effective educational public health interventions targeting the findings of barriers and facilitators highlighted in this review are key to reducing the impact of infectious respiratory diseases at the population level.

Positive Driver Behaviours Scale: adaptação e validação para o Brasil / Positive Driver Behaviours Scale: adaptation and validation for Brazil / Positive Driver Behaviours Scale: adaptación y validación para Brasil

Objetivou-se realizar uma adaptação da Positive Driver Behaviours Scale (PDBS) para o Brasil e verificar se seria possível propor uma medida reduzida. O instrumento originalmente composto por 38 itens foi apli-cado a 204 motoristas do Brasil, sendo a maioria homens (65,7%), com média de 35,6 anos. O resultado mostrou a possibilidade de uma estrutura unifatorial, composta por um total de 19 itens e alfa de Cronba-ch = 0,90, explicando 37,9% da variância total. Destaca-se a relevância dessa medida, pois ela fornece um subsídio capaz de medir comportamento no trânsito. Além disso, oferece suporte para os profissionais e psicólogos do trânsito, de modo a instrumentalizar as práticas. Permite ainda uma compreensão do fenô-meno dos transportes, o que pode facilitar o desenvolvimento de medidas eficazes no combate aos acidentes

The objective of this study was to carry out an adaptation of the Positive Driver Behaviors Scale (PDBS) for Brazil and verify if it would be possible to propose a brief version of the scale. The instrument originally composed of 38 items was applied to 204 motorists in Brazil, the majority being men (65.7%), with a mean age of 35.6 years. The result showed the possibility of a one-factor structure, consisting of a total of 19 items and Cronbach's alpha = .90, explaining 37.9% of the total variance. The relevance of this measure is highlighted because it is a tool capable of evaluating non-traffic behavior. Besides, it provides support to traffic professionals and psychologists, in order to instrumentalize their practices. It also allows further understanding of the phenomenon of transport, which can facilitate the development of effective measures to combat accidents.

Objetivó realizar una adaptación de la Positive Driver Behaviours Scale (PDBS) para Brasil y verificar la posi-bilidad de proponer una medida reducida. El instrumento originalmente compuesto por 38 ítems fue apli-cado a 204 conductores del Brasil, la mayoría siendo hombres (65,7%), con un promedio de edad de 35,6 años. El resultado mostró la posibilidad de una estructura unifactorial, compuesta por un total de 19 ítems y alfa de Cronbach = 0,90, explicando los 37,9% de la variancia total. Se destaca la relevancia de esta me-dida, porque ofrece un subsidio capaz de medir comportamiento en el tránsito. Además, ofrece soporte para los profesionales y psicólogos del tránsito, instrumentalizando prácticas. También permite una com-prensión del fenómeno de los transportes, lo que puede facilitar el desarrollo de medidas eficaces para combatir los accidentes.

Effectiveness of Agreement Criteria and Flows of Collaborative Care in Primary Mental Health Care in Brazil.

The supply of mental health processes in primary care has gaps. This study aims to analyze the association of agreement criteria and flows between primary care teams and the Family Health Support Center (NASF) for mental health collaborative care, considering the difference between capital and non-capital cities in Brazil. This cross-sectional study was conducted based on secondary data from the Primary Care Access and Quality Improvement Program. Agreement criteria and flows were obtained from 3883 NASF teams of the matrix support or collaborative care. The Chi-square test and multiple Poisson regression were used; p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Prevalence ratios of negative associations demonstrated protective factors for support actions: follow-up at Psychosocial Care Center, management of psychopharmacotherapy, offer of other therapeutic actions, care process for users of psychoactive substances, and offer of activities to prevent the use of psychoactive substances. Collaborative care in primary care was effective, and capital cities were a protective factor compared with non-capital cities.

Práticas avaliativas realizadas por psicólogos hospitalares: um estudo descritivo / Evaluative practices performed by health psychologists: a descriptive study / Prácticas evaluativas realizadas por psicólogos clínicos: un estudio descriptivo

As práticas avaliativas estão na gama de possibilidades de atuação do psicólogo no Hospital. Buscou-se investigar o manejo dos processos avaliativos por psicólogos hospitalares inseridos em hospitais não psiquiátricos, quanto aos tipos, origens, características e necessidades solicitadas, identificando a conduta destes frente às demandas. Foi conduzido estudo observacional descritivo, de corte transversal, com levantamento de dados multimétodos por meio de entrevista estruturada com 14 psicólogos hospitalares de Natal/RN. Entre os resultados, observou-se que 87,7% consideram avaliação descritiva como mais frequente, 78,6% percebem que estas acontecem tanto por solicitação da equipe quanto por identificação da necessidade pelo próprio psicólogo e verificou-se um predomínio do uso de técnicas qualitativas como avaliação. Concluiu-se que o ambiente hospitalar oferece desafios para um amplo uso das técnicas existentes que, juntamente com a escassez de material e recursos humanos, tem-se uma conjuntura desfavorável para o uso destas no Hospital. (AU)

Evaluative practices are among the possibilities of a psychologist's work at the Hospital. The aim was to investigate the management of the evaluation processes by hospital psychologists working in non-psychiatric hospitals, regarding the types, characteristics and needs requested, identifying their actions faced with the demands. A cross-sectional, descriptive and observational study was conducted with multi-method data collection through a structured interview with 14 hospital psychologists from Natal/RN. Among the results, 87.7% considered the descriptive evaluation to be the most frequent, 78.6% perceived that these occur due to requests of the team and identification of the need by the psychologists themselves, with a predominance of the use of qualitative techniques in the evaluation. It was concluded that the hospital environment presents challenges for a wide use of the existing techniques, which together with the scarcity of material and human resources present unfavorable conditions for the use of those practices in the Hospital. (AU)

Las prácticas evaluativas se encuentran dentro del abanico de posibilidades de actuación del psicólogo en el ámbito hospitalario. Se buscó investigar la gestión de los procesos de evaluación por psicólogos clínicos insertados en hospitales no psiquiátricos, con respecto a los tipos, orígenes característicos y necesidades solicitadas, identificando la conducta de los psicólogos ante las demandas. Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo, de corte transversal, con levantamiento de datos multimétodos a través de una entrevista estructurada con 14 psicólogos clínicos hospitalarios de la ciudad de Natal, Río Grande do Norte. Entre los resultados, se observó que el 87,7% considera la evaluación descriptiva como la más frecuente, el 78,6% afirma que estas ocurren tanto por solicitud del equipo como por el propio psicólogo al identificar la necesidad, verificando un predominio del uso de técnicas cualitativas como evaluación. Se concluyó que el entorno hospitalario presenta desafíos para un amplio uso de las técnicas existentes, que junto con la escasez de recursos materiales y humanos, se da una coyuntura desfavorable para el uso de las mismas en el hospital. (AU)

Barriers and facilitators to populational adherence to prevention and control measures of COVID-19 and other respiratory infectious diseases: a rapid qualitative evidence synthesis protocol.

INTRODUCTION: The current COVID-19 pandemic has increased the need for populational adherence to measures for the prevention and control of respiratory infectious diseases. However, their effectiveness depends on the population's preventive behaviour, which may be divergent from public policies. Therefore, this study aims to summarise and evaluate the evidence on barriers and facilitators to populational adherence to prevention and control measures in COVID-19 and other respiratory infectious diseases. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will search on MEDLINE, Embase and PsycINFO for studies focusing on adults receiving protective behaviour recommendations to combat COVID-19 and other respiratory infectious diseases. The searches will be carried out from database's inception to the present. We will include studies that use qualitative methods in their data collection and analysis and studies that use mixed methods if they include any qualitative methods of analysis. Studies published in English, Portuguese and Spanish will be included. Two review authors will independently screen the studies for inclusion and extract data. We will assess the quality of the included studies using the Critical Skills Appraisal Programme tool. For the assessment of the confidence in the synthesised findings, we will use the GRADE-Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research. Data analysis will be conducted using the best-fit framework approach based on adapted dimensions from the Health Belief Model and the Behaviour Change Wheel. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study will be conducted on published evidence, and thus, no ethical approval is required. The findings of this rapid qualitative evidence synthesis will be disseminated to academic audiences, health policy-makers and the general population. We will publish the results in peer-reviewed journals, present our findings in conferences, and disseminate results via social media. We also aim to present the research findings in plain language and disseminate the knowledge to the general population to increase public interest. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42020205750.

Validity of the social support assessment scale in mothers of hospitalized premature neonates / Validade da escala para avaliação do apoio social em mães de neonatos prematuros hospitalizados

Mothers staying with their premature babies, hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit tend to have reduced contact with friends and family, so it is pertinent that the perceived social support be evaluated during this period. This study aims to verify the validity of the Scale to evaluate the perceived social support by mothers of hospitalized premature babies. It is composed by the following dimensions: affective support; material support; informational support; emotionalsupport; embracing support; and attentional support. It is a sectional analytical study. The participants were 218 mothers of premature babies hospitalized in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. The social support Scale for mothers of hospitalized premature neonates demonstrates satisfactory psychometric quality, presenting evidence of criterion validity, internal consistency and internal structure.

As mães acompanhantes de bebês prematuros que estão hospitalizados em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal tendem a ter reduzido o seu contato com amigos e familiares, por isso é pertinente que o apoio social percebido seja avaliado durante esse período. Este estudo tem como objetivo verificar evidências de validade da Escala para avaliação do apoio social percebido por mães de bebês prematuros hospitalizados, que é composta pelas dimensões: apoio afetivo; apoio material; apoio de informação; apoio emocional; apoio de acolhimento e apoio de atenção. Trata-se de um estudo seccional analítico do qual participaram 218 mães de bebês prematuros hospitalizados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal. A Escala para avaliação do apoio social em mães de neonatos prematuros hospitalizados demonstra qualidade psicométrica satisfatória, apresentando evidências de validade de critério, de consistência interna e de estrutura interna.

Validity Evidences of the Prefrontal Symptoms Inventory for the Elderly Brazilian Population.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to translate the Prefrontal Symptoms Inventory (PSI) (abbreviated version) for the elderly into Brazilian Portuguese, evaluate its psychometric properties, and investigate if the PSI could distinguish between groups with (clinical group) and without (non-clinical group) a diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS: The PSI was idiomatically and culturally adapted, and then administered to 256 individuals over 60 years of age who also completed a clinical interview, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)-15, and the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). RESULTS: The results indicated satisfactory adjustment and adequate reliability (Ω of 0.83 and α=0.80) for the uni-factorial model. The non-clinical group showed significant correlations between the PSI-16, GDS-15, MMSE, and FAB and its six subtests. In the clinical group, there were negative correlations between the PSI-16, MMSE, and the FAB and the conceptual subtest. The groups differed statistically significantly, with the clinical sample showing the highest PSI-16 score. In the non-clinical group, there were significant positive correlations between age and PSI-16, and negative correlations between education and PSI-16. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that the PSI-16 can be used as a valid and reliable screening tool for clinical use in the elderly with and without pathology.

Psychometric evaluation of the Brazilian version of the pediatric asthma control and communication instrument.

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of questionnaires capable of evaluating the clinical control of Brazilian children and adolescents with asthma over a wide age range. The Pediatric Asthma Control and Communication Instrument (PACCI) has been validated, but only with English- and Spanish-speaking children in the United States. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the psychometric properties of the Brazilian version of the PACCI questionnaire. METHODS: A cross-sectional psychometric study conducted with children and adolescents aged 01 to 19 years with a clinical diagnosis of asthma, and their respective parents/guardians. The following assessments were conducted: socioeconomic status; clinical control using the Childhood Asthma Control Test (c-ACT), Asthma Control Test (ACT); caregiver quality of life using the Pediatric Asthma Caregivers Quality of Life Questionnaire (PACQLQ); and pulmonary function test (spirometry). Validity was evaluated as follows: exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis; Cronbach's alpha analysis (α); floor and ceiling effects; receiver operator characteristic curve analysis. RESULTS: A total of 128 participants were included, most of them male (54.7%). The Brazilian version of PACCI had adequate internal consistency (α = .76) and moderate floor and ceiling effects. The internal structure presented acceptable adjustment indices, considering the extraction of four factors. The factors presented adequate α values. Asthma control factor 1 correlated with c-ACT/ACT and PACQLQ. Control domain scores greater than four points (sum of score) and above 1 point (problem index) were indicative of uncontrolled asthma. CONCLUSION: The Brazilian version of PACCI was able to provide valid and reliable measures in evaluating the clinical control of asthma in Brazilian children and adolescents.

Cargas de Trabalho na Saúde do Controlador de Tráfego Aéreo / Workloads and the health of air traffic controllers / Cargas de trabajo en la salud del controlador de tráfico aéreo

O controle de tráfego aéreo é um serviço prestado por profissionais que trabalham em terra para orientar e monitorar aeronaves no ar e no solo, a fim de garantir um fluxo de tráfego seguro e ordenado. Os objetivos deste artigo foram conhecer aspectos sociodemográficos dos profissionais de tráfego aéreo lotados no Aeroporto Marechal Hugo da Cunha Machado, em São Luís (MA) e identificar as cargas de trabalho a que estão submetidos. Participaram do estudo 11 controladores, com idade média de 38 anos e 19,64 anos de tempo de serviço na referida função. A carga de trabalho que apresentou maior prevalência foi a psíquica, e a menor, a física. Concluiu-se que a atividade dos pesquisados exige esforços psicológicos intensos quanto às funções atencionais e à tomada de decisão, especialmente diante da rápida necessidade de ações imediatas em idiomas estrangeiros e em meio a procedimentos operacionais estritos.

Air Traffic Control is a service provided by ground professionals to guide and monitor aircraft in the air and on the ground to ensure a safe and orderly flow of traffic. The objectives were to learn about the socio-demographic aspects of air traffic professionals at the Marechal Hugo da Cunha Machado Airport, in São Luís - MA, and to identify the possible workloads to which they are submitted. The study included 11 controllers, with a mean age of 38 years and 19.64 years of service in the profession. The workload that presented the highest prevalence was the psychological, and the lowest was the physical one. It was concluded that the activity of the respondents requires intense psychological efforts regarding attentional functions and decision making, especially in view of the rapid need for immediate actions in international languages, working under strict operational procedures.

El Control de Tráfico Aéreo es un servicio prestado por profesionales que trabajan en tierra para orientar y monitorear aeronaves en el aire y en el suelo, con vistas a garantizar un flujo de tráfico seguro y ordenado. Los objetivos fueron conocer aspectos sociodemográficos de los profesionales de tráfico aéreo del Aeropuerto Marechal Hugo de la Cunha Machado, en São Luís - MA; y, además, identificar las posibles cargas de trabajo a las que están sometidos. Participaron del estudio 11 controladores, con edad media de 38 años y 19,64 años de tiempo de servicio en dicha función. La carga de trabajo que presentó mayor prevalencia fue la psíquica, y la menor la física. Se concluyó que la actividad de los encuestados exige esfuerzos psicológicos intensos en cuanto a las funciones atencionales y toma de decisión, especialmente frente a la rápida necesidad de acciones inmediatas en idiomas internacionales y en medio de procedimientos operacionales estrictos.

Validity evidences of the prefrontal symptoms inventory for the elderly brazilian population

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to translate the Prefrontal Symptoms Inventory (PSI) (abbreviated version) for the elderly into Brazilian Portuguese, evaluate its psychometric properties, and investigate if the PSI could distinguish between groups with (clinical group) and without (non-clinical group) a diagnosis of probable Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS: The PSI was idiomatically and culturally adapted, and then administered to 256 individuals over 60 years of age who also completed a clinical interview, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS)-15, and the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB). RESULTS: The results indicated satisfactory adjustment and adequate reliability (Ω of 0.83 and α=0.80) for the uni-factorial model. The non-clinical group showed significant correlations between the PSI-16, GDS-15, MMSE, and FAB and its six subtests. In the clinical group, there were negative correlations between the PSI-16, MMSE, and the FAB and the conceptual subtest. The groups differed statistically significantly, with the clinical sample showing the highest PSI-16 score. In the non-clinical group, there were significant positive correlations between age and PSI-16, and negative correlations between education and PSI-16. CONCLUSION: The results of this study indicate that the PSI-16 can be used as a valid and reliable screening tool for clinical use in the elderly with and without pathology.

Social and conceptual adaptive skills of individuals with Intellectual Disability. / Habilidades adaptativas sociais e conceituais de indivíduos com deficiência intelectual.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the social and conceptual skills of people with Intellectual Disability. METHOD: A descriptive study conducted with 100 caregivers, 9 teachers and 100 people with Intellectual Disability from a Philanthropic Institution in Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil. The participants ages in the study ranged from 9 to 83 years. Three-hundred (300) questionnaires were administered. The data were processed by Factorial Matching Analysis in the Tri-Deux-Mots program . RESULTS: Considering the factorial correspondence plan, it should be noted that the social skills of students in the age group between 21 and 40 years were related to playing educational games, playing ball with friends and dating. Regarding conceptual skills, students revealed autonomy in relation to school activities, however the caregivers emphasized that they lack autonomy in relation to these skills. In perceiving the realities of students from different classes, teachers presented opposing opinions on dependency and independence issues. CONCLUSION: Education and health professionals and caregivers can collaborate more effectively in developing the autonomy of people with Intellectual Disability by promoting a more interactive environment which provides skills development and interpersonal relationships without discrimination, disrespect or prejudice.

Pediatric Asthma Control and Communication Instrument: translation into Portuguese and cross-cultural adaptation for use in Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: To translate the Pediatric Asthma Control and Communication Instrument (PACCI) to Portuguese and adapt it for use in Brazil, ensuring the cultural validity of the content and semantic equivalence of the target version. METHODS: The Brazilian Portuguese-language version of the PACCI was developed according to the most commonly used methodology, which included the following steps: translation; synthesis of the translation; review by the author of the original questionnaire; back-translation; synthesis of the back-translation; review by a native external researcher who is a native speaker of English; approval of the author of the original questionnaire; review by a specialist in Portuguese; review by a multidisciplinary committee of experts to determine the agreement of the items, considering the clarity of each and its appropriateness in the cultural context; cognitive debriefing; and development of the final version. The cognitive debriefing involved 31 parents/legal guardians of children 1-21 years of age with a clinical diagnosis of asthma, as defined by the Global Initiative for Asthma, with the objective of determining the comprehensibility and clarity of the items for the target population. RESULTS: The multidisciplinary committee of experts indicated that the items on the questionnaire were clear and comprehensible, with kappa values above 0.61, indicating substantial agreement. In the cognitive debriefing, the parents/legal guardians presented no difficulties in understanding any of the items (agreement > 0.90); therefore, no further changes were needed. CONCLUSIONS: The translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the PACCI for use in Brazil were successful.

Manifestations and strategies of coping with Chagas Disease that interfere in the quality of life of the individual: a systematic review. / Manifestações e estratégias de enfrentamento da Doença de Chagas que interferem na qualidade de vida do indivíduo: uma revisão sistemática.

We aimed to identify the manifestations and coping strategies of Chagas disease that influence the quality of life of the affected subject. This is a literature systematic review carried out in PubMed, SciELO and Lilacs databases, through which sixpapers were retrieved, in addition to six publications identified with the verification of the bibliographic list and four papers through manual search, which were independently evaluated by two reviewers. The variables addressed were set in the thematic axes manifestations of Chagas disease that interfere in the quality of life of the individual and coping strategies that influence the quality of life of patients affected by Chagas disease, subdivided into three realms, namely, physical, psychological and social. The results seen in all addressed realms evidenced a quality of life compromised by the disease, measures mostly limited to the patient's physical realm and incipient records of studies in the area. We suggest further exploring the proposed theme, believing that knowledge of the patient living with the disease promotes the development of effective health intervention strategies.

Objetivou-se identificar as manifestações e as estratégias de enfrentamento da doença de Chagas que impactam na qualidade de vida do sujeito acometido. Trata-se de estudo de revisão sistemática de literatura, realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO e Lilacs, através das quais se reuniu um quantitativo de 6 artigos, além de 6 publicações identificadas por meio de verificação de lista bibliográfica e 4 trabalhos mediante busca manual, os quais foram avaliados por dois revisores de maneira independente. As variáveis tratadas foram enquadradas nos eixos temáticos: manifestações da doença de Chagas que interferem na qualidade de vida do indivíduo e estratégias de enfrentamento que impactam na qualidade de vida de pacientes acometidos por doença de Chagas, subdivididos em três dimensões: domínio físico, domínio psicológico e domínio social. Os resultados visualizados em todos os domínios tratados demonstraram qualidade de vida comprometida pelo acometimento da doença; medidas de enfrentamento limitadas, em sua maioria, à dimensão física do paciente; além de registros incipientes de estudos na área. Sugere-se a exploração da temática proposta, acreditando-se que o conhecimento do convívio do portador com a doença promove a elaboração de estratégias de intervenção em saúde eficazes.

Manifestações e estratégias de enfrentamento da Doença de Chagas que interferem na qualidade de vida do indivíduo: uma revisão sistemática / Manifestations and strategies of coping with Chagas Disease that interfere in the quality of life of the individual: a systematic review

Resumo Objetivou-se identificar as manifestações e as estratégias de enfrentamento da doença de Chagas que impactam na qualidade de vida do sujeito acometido. Trata-se de estudo de revisão sistemática de literatura, realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, SciELO e Lilacs, através das quais se reuniu um quantitativo de 6 artigos, além de 6 publicações identificadas por meio de verificação de lista bibliográfica e 4 trabalhos mediante busca manual, os quais foram avaliados por dois revisores de maneira independente. As variáveis tratadas foram enquadradas nos eixos temáticos: manifestações da doença de Chagas que interferem na qualidade de vida do indivíduo e estratégias de enfrentamento que impactam na qualidade de vida de pacientes acometidos por doença de Chagas, subdivididos em três dimensões: domínio físico, domínio psicológico e domínio social. Os resultados visualizados em todos os domínios tratados demonstraram qualidade de vida comprometida pelo acometimento da doença; medidas de enfrentamento limitadas, em sua maioria, à dimensão física do paciente; além de registros incipientes de estudos na área. Sugere-se a exploração da temática proposta, acreditando-se que o conhecimento do convívio do portador com a doença promove a elaboração de estratégias de intervenção em saúde eficazes.

Abstract We aimed to identify the manifestations and coping strategies of Chagas disease that influence the quality of life of the affected subject. This is a literature systematic review carried out in PubMed, SciELO and Lilacs databases, through which sixpapers were retrieved, in addition to six publications identified with the verification of the bibliographic list and four papers through manual search, which were independently evaluated by two reviewers. The variables addressed were set in the thematic axes manifestations of Chagas disease that interfere in the quality of life of the individual and coping strategies that influence the quality of life of patients affected by Chagas disease, subdivided into three realms, namely, physical, psychological and social. The results seen in all addressed realms evidenced a quality of life compromised by the disease, measures mostly limited to the patient's physical realm and incipient records of studies in the area. We suggest further exploring the proposed theme, believing that knowledge of the patient living with the disease promotes the development of effective health intervention strategies.

Pediatric Asthma Control and Communication Instrument: translation into Portuguese and cross-cultural adaptation for use in Brazil / Pediatric Asthma Control and Communication Instrument: tradução e adaptação transcultural para a língua portuguesa falada no Brasil

ABSTRACT Objective: To translate the Pediatric Asthma Control and Communication Instrument (PACCI) to Portuguese and adapt it for use in Brazil, ensuring the cultural validity of the content and semantic equivalence of the target version. Methods: The Brazilian Portuguese-language version of the PACCI was developed according to the most commonly used methodology, which included the following steps: translation; synthesis of the translation; review by the author of the original questionnaire; back-translation; synthesis of the back-translation; review by a native external researcher who is a native speaker of English; approval of the author of the original questionnaire; review by a specialist in Portuguese; review by a multidisciplinary committee of experts to determine the agreement of the items, considering the clarity of each and its appropriateness in the cultural context; cognitive debriefing; and development of the final version. The cognitive debriefing involved 31 parents/legal guardians of children 1-21 years of age with a clinical diagnosis of asthma, as defined by the Global Initiative for Asthma, with the objective of determining the comprehensibility and clarity of the items for the target population. Results: The multidisciplinary committee of experts indicated that the items on the questionnaire were clear and comprehensible, with kappa values above 0.61, indicating substantial agreement. In the cognitive debriefing, the parents/legal guardians presented no difficulties in understanding any of the items (agreement > 0.90); therefore, no further changes were needed. Conclusions: The translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the PACCI for use in Brazil were successful.

RESUMO Objetivo: Realizar a tradução e a adaptação transcultural do Pediatric Asthma Control and Communication Instrument (PACCI) para o contexto da população brasileira, e assegurar a validade de conteúdo e equivalência semântica da versão adaptada. Métodos: A versão do PACCI para a língua portuguesa falada no Brasil foi desenvolvida de acordo com a metodologia mais comumente utilizada, que incluiu as seguintes etapas: tradução; síntese da tradução; revisão de um pesquisador nativo de língua inglesa; tradução reversa; síntese da tradução reversa; revisão de um pesquisador nativo de língua inglesa; apreciação do autor do questionário original; revisão por especialista em língua portuguesa; revisão do comitê multiprofissional de especialistas para verificar a concordância dos itens, considerando a clareza e a adequação dos itens ao contexto cultural; desdobramento cognitivo; e desenvolvimento da versão final. O desdobramento cognitivo foi realizado com 31 pais/responsáveis por crianças e adolescentes de 1-21 anos, com diagnóstico clínico de asma de acordo com a Global Initiative for Asthma, com o objetivo de verificar a compreensão e a clareza dos itens na população-alvo. Resultados: O comitê multiprofissional de especialistas indicou que os itens do questionário se apresentaram claros e compreensíveis, com valores de kappa superiores a 0,61, indicando concordância substancial. Considerando o procedimento de desdobramento cognitivo, os pais/responsáveis não apresentaram dificuldades de compreensão (concordância > 0,90) não havendo necessidade de modificações da versão final em português. Conclusões: O PACCI apresenta-se adequadamente traduzido e transculturalmente adaptado para uso na população brasileira.

Habilidades adaptativas sociais e conceituais de indivíduos com deficiência intelectual / Habilidades adaptativas sociales y conceptuales de individuos con deficiencia intelectual / Social and conceptual adaptive skills of individuals with Intellectual Disability

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar as habilidades sociais e conceituais de pessoas com deficiência intelectual. Método Pesquisa descritiva com 100 cuidadores, nove professores e 100 pessoas com deficiência intelectual de uma Instituição Filantrópica de Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil. A idade dos indivíduos que participaram do estudo variou entre 9 e 83 anos. Foram administrados 300 questionários. Os dados foram processados pela Análise Fatorial de Correspondência no programa Tri-Deux-Mots . Resultados Considerando o plano fatorial de correspondência, destaca-se que as habilidades sociais dos alunos na faixa etária entre 21 e 40 anos foram relacionadas a jogar jogos educativos, jogar bola com amigos e namoro. No tocante às habilidades conceituais, os alunos revelaram ter autonomia em relação às atividades escolares, contudo, os cuidadores enfatizaram que eles não possuem autonomia em relação a essas habilidades. Ao perceber as realidades de alunos de turmas diferentes, os professores apresentaram opiniões opostas no tange às questões de dependência e independência. Conclusão Os profissionais da educação e da saúde e os cuidadores podem colaborar de forma mais efetiva para o desenvolvimento da autonomia das pessoas com deficiência intelectual, promovendo um ambiente mais interativo e que proporcione o desenvolvimento de habilidades e o estabelecimento de relações interpessoais sem discriminação, descrédito e preconceito.

RESUMEN Objetivo Analizar las habilidades sociales y conceptuales de personas con Deficiencia Intelectual. Método Investigación descriptiva con 100 cuidadores, nueve profesores y 100 personas con Deficiencia Intelectual de un centro filantrópico de Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brasil. La edad de los individuos que participaron en el estudio varió entre 9 y 83 años. Fueron administrados 300 cuestionarios. Los datos fueron procesados por el Análisis Factorial de Correspondencia en el programa Tri-Deux-Mots. Resultados Considerándose el plano factorial de correspondencia, se destaca que las habilidades sociales de los alumnos en el rango de edad entre 21 y 40 años se vincularon a jugar a juegos educativos, jugar a la pelota con los amigos y relaciones amorosas. En lo que se refiere a las habilidades conceptuales, los alumnos revelaron tener autonomía con respecto a las actividades escolares. Sin embargo, los cuidadores subrayaron que ellos no tienen autonomía con relación a dichas habilidades. Al darse cuenta de las realidades de alumnos de grupos diferentes, los profesores presentaron opiniones opuestas en lo que se refiere a temas de dependencia e independencia. Conclusión Los profesionales de la educación y la salud y los cuidadores pueden colaborar de modo más efectivo hacia el desarrollo de la autonomía de las personas con Deficiencia Intelectual, promocionando un entorno más interactivo y que proporcione el desarrollo de habilidades y el planteamiento de relaciones interpersonales sin discriminación, descrédito y prejuicio.

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the social and conceptual skills of people with Intellectual Disability. Method A descriptive study conducted with 100 caregivers, 9 teachers and 100 people with Intellectual Disability from a Philanthropic Institution in Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil. The participants ages in the study ranged from 9 to 83 years. Three-hundred (300) questionnaires were administered. The data were processed by Factorial Matching Analysis in the Tri-Deux-Mots program . Results Considering the factorial correspondence plan, it should be noted that the social skills of students in the age group between 21 and 40 years were related to playing educational games, playing ball with friends and dating. Regarding conceptual skills, students revealed autonomy in relation to school activities, however the caregivers emphasized that they lack autonomy in relation to these skills. In perceiving the realities of students from different classes, teachers presented opposing opinions on dependency and independence issues. Conclusion Education and health professionals and caregivers can collaborate more effectively in developing the autonomy of people with Intellectual Disability by promoting a more interactive environment which provides skills development and interpersonal relationships without discrimination, disrespect or prejudice.

Aicardi syndrome: a case report / Síndrome de Aicardi: relato de caso

Abstract Introduction: the Aicardi syndrome (SA) is characterized as a rare syndrome identified in the presence of three classic characteristics: corpus callosum agenesis, chorioretinal lacunaeand infantile spasms. Description: data collection involved information reported by the mother and the accompanying physiotherapist describing the patient's clinical history andmajor complications according to clinical evolution, treatment, and therapeutic response. At two months of age, the child presented a delayed neuropsychomotor development and infantile spasms.However,the diagnosis of the syndrome was only performed at six months of life, involving brain magnetic resonance imaging where corneal body agenesis was observed. A multidisciplinary treatment was assembledwith a neuropediatrician, a physiotherapist, a psychologist, a nutritionistand a speech therapist, besides drug treatment with baclofen and phenobarbital. Discussion: through the established treatment, the child displayedmotor gain, cervical control, improvement of the respiratory condition, and no need forhospital admissions;these outcomescharacterizea good clinical evolution associated with the physiotherapeutic intervention focused on prevention and minimization of respiratory alterationsthatare frequently associated with morbidity and mortality in these cases. The results obtained point out the fundamental role of multidisciplinary intervention in coping with this condition.

Resumo Introdução: a Síndrome de Aicardi (SA), caracteriza-se como uma síndrome rara identificada na presença das três características clássicas: agenesia de corpo caloso, lacunas coriorretinianas e espamos infantis. Descrição: a coleta de dados envolveu informações relatadas pela genitora e pelo fisioterapeuta acompanhante da paciente, descrevendo assim a história clínica da paciente, as principais complicações de acordo com a evolução clínica, o tratamento e resposta terapêutica. Aos dois meses de idade a criança apresentou atraso no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor e espasmos infantis, porém o diagnóstico da síndrome foi realizado somente aos seis meses de vida envolvendo um exame de ressonância magnética de encéfalo onde foi observada agenesia de corpo caloso, iniciando-se tratamento multidisciplinar com neuropediatra, fisioterapeuta, psicólogo, nutricionista e fonoaudiólogo, além do tratamento medicamentoso com baclofeno e fenobarbital. Discussão: através do tratamento estabelecido, a criança obteve ganho motor, controle cervical, melhora da condição respiratória e sem internações hospitalares, caracterizando uma boa evolução associada particularmente à intervenção fisioterapêutica que teve enfoque na prevenção e minimização de alterações respiratórias frequentemente associadas à morbidades e mortalidade nestes casos. Os resultados obtidos apontam o papel fundamental da intervenção multidisciplinar para o enfrentamento desta condição.

Atributos Desejáveis de Parceiro Ideal: Podem Variar Segundo o Sexo e o Lugar de Residência? / Atributos Deseables de la Pareja Ideal: ¿Pueden Variar Según el Sexo y el Lugar de Residencia? / Desirable Attributes in the Ideal Partner: Can they Vary According to Gender and Place of Residence?

Resumo Compreender a escolha por parceiros amorosos é relevante no sentido de minimizar possíveis problemas decorrentes de relacionamentos conflituosos. Este estudo objetivou conhecer em que medida a preferência por atributos desejáveis de um parceiro ideal varia segundo o sexo e o local de residência das pessoas. Participaram do estudo 3.124 indivíduos residentes em capitais (n = 1.583) ou cidades do interior (n = 1.541) dos nove estados do Nordeste brasileiro, com idade média de 23,6 anos (dp = 6,72), sendo 63,6% do sexo feminino. Estes responderam a Escala de Atributos Desejáveis do Parceiro Ideal e perguntas demográficas. Os resultados (Manova) mostraram diferenças nos atributos desejáveis de um parceiro ideal segundo o sexo: os homens deram maior importância ao componente atlética, enquanto as mulheres pontuaram mais alto no componente realizada. Observou-se ainda efeito do lugar de residência, onde os homens residentes no interior apresentaram maior média no atributo tradicional, ao passo que as mulheres residindo nesta localidade deram mais importância ao atributo realizada. Concluiu-se que o lugar de residência e, sobretudo, o sexo foram importantes para explicar as variações na preferência por atributos de um parceiro ideal, na direção prevista na literatura.

Resumen Comprender la selección de parejas sentimentales es importante para minimizar los problemas potenciales que surgen de las relaciones románticas en conflicto. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido conocer en qué medida la preferencia por los atributos deseables de una pareja ideal varía según el sexo y el lugar de residencia de las personas. Participaron de la investigación 3.124 personas residiendo en la capital (n = 1.583) o ciudades del interior (n = 1.541) de los nueve estados del Noreste de Brasil, con una edad promedia de 23.6 años (de = 6.72), (63.6% mujeres). Éstos contestaron a la Escala de Atributos Deseables de una Pareja Ideal y cuestiones demográficas. Los resultados (Manova) indicaron diferencias en los atributos deseables de una pareja ideal según el sexo: los varones han dado mayor importancia al componente atlético, mientras que las mujeres puntuaron más alto en el componente realizada. También se ha observado efecto del lugar de residencia, en que los varones residentes en el interior dieron mayor importancia al atributo tradicional, mientras que las mujeres residiendo en esta localidad consideraron más importante el atributo atlético. Se concluyó que el lugar de residencia y, sobre todo, el sexo han sido importantes para explicar las variaciones en las preferencias por atributos de una pareja ideal, coherente con la literatura.

Abstract Comprehending the choice of romantic partner is important in order to minimize possible problems stemming from conflictive loving relationships. This study aimed to identify to what extent the preference for desirable attributes in an ideal partner vary according to the respondent's gender and place of residence. A total of 3,124 people from capital cities (n = 1,583) or towns (n = 1,541) of the nine states of the Brazilian Northeast region participated in the study, with a mean age of 23.6 years (sd = 6.72) and 63.6% female. They answered the Desirable Attributes of the Ideal Partner Scale and demographic questions. Results (Manova) indicated differences in the desirable attributes in an ideal partner according to gender: the men gave greater importance to the athletic dimension, while the women scored higher in the accomplished dimension. An effect was also observed related to the place of residence, with the men living in towns presenting a higher mean score in the traditional dimension, whereas the women residing in this locality gave more importance to the athletic dimension. In conclusion, the place of residence and, above all, the gender were important in explaining the variations in preferences for attributes in an ideal partner, in agreement with the literature.

Avaliação da estratégia saúde da família em Natal a partir das crenças dos seus usuários / Evaluación de la estrategia salud de la familia en Natal de las creencias de usuarios / Evaluation of family health strategy in Natal from the beliefs of its users

Objective: To evaluate the Family Health Strategy in Natal/Rio Grande do Norte, through the beliefs of its members, to verify the successes and barriers of the strategy, to provide feedback to their managers and community and to obtain an effective health service. Methods: Exploratory and descriptive research of qualitative nature, where there were five focus groups, one in each Sanitary District (DS), 26 users of the Family Health Strategy. Results: We identified a positive assessment of the location and identification of the Family Health Units (USF). Stood out, however, problems in several areas: physical infrastructure, material resources, human resources, accessibility of services, preventive care, referral system, understanding of the community on the ESF, districting, link between community and professional and Municipal Health Council. Conclusion: These factors contribute to the search for particular services.

Objetivo: Avaliar a Estratégia Saúde da Família em Natal/Rio Grande do Norte, através das crenças de seus usuários, para verificar os acertos e entraves da estratégia, para fornecer feedback aos seus gestores e comunidade e para obtenção de um serviço de saúde eficaz. Métodos: Pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, de cunho qualitativo, onde foram realizados cinco grupos focais, um em cada Distrito Sanitário (DS), totalizando 26 usuários da Estratégia Saúde da Família. Resultados: Identificou-se uma avaliação positiva da localização e identificação das Unidades de Saúde da Família (USF). Destacaram-se, entretanto, problemas em diversos setores: infraestrutura física, recursos materiais, recursos humanos, acessibilidade aos serviços, atendimento preventivo, sistema de referência, compreensão da comunidade sobre a ESF, distritalização, vínculo entre comunidade e profissionais e Conselho Municipal de Saúde. Conclusão: Esses fatores contribuem para a busca por serviços particulares.

Objetivo: Evaluar la Estrategia Salud de la Familia en Natal/Rio Grande do Norte, a través de las creencias de sus miembros, para verificar los éxitos y las barreras de la estrategia, para proporcionar retroalimentación a sus directivos y comunidad y para obtener un servicio de salud eficaz. Métodos: Estudio exploratorio y descriptivo de naturaleza cualitativa, donde había cinco grupos de enfoque, uno en cada Distrito Sanitario (DS), un total de 26 usuarios de la Estrategia Salud de la Familia. Resultados: Se identificó un balance positivo de la localización e identificación de las Unidades de Salud de la Familia (USF). Se destacó, sin embargo, los problemas en varias áreas: infraestructura física, recursos materiales, recursos humanos, accesibilidad de los servicios, la atención preventiva, sistema de referencia, la comprensión de la comunidad sobre el FSE, de distritos, enlace entre la comunidad y profesional y Consejo Municipal de Salud. Conclusión:Estos factores contribuyen a la búsqueda de servicios particulares.